The quarantine system in Wallachia aimed for the health protection of people on the principality territory. Starting from 1831, a series of regulations contributed to the creation of a sanitary barrier against the frequent epidemic waves that were braking out especially in the European provinces of the Ottoman Empire. The constraints imposed by the Wallachian authorities (1831–1851) were trying to reduce the various attempts of people to fraudulently cross the southern and southeastern borders, these subjects being potential vectors for the transmission of dangerous diseases.
Numerous manuscripts found in the archive of the funds of the Quarantine Committee, the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of War at the National Archives of Romania in Bucharest gave us the opportunity to analyze the proposed subject along three thematic sequences: official decisions, the state of health of the population and some case studies.